allpasslp2hp
Allpass filter for lowpass to highpass transformation
Syntax
[AllpassNum,AllpassDen] = allpasslp2hp(Wo,Wt)
Description
[AllpassNum,AllpassDen] = allpasslp2hp(Wo,Wt)
returns
the numerator, AllpassNum
, and the denominator, AllpassDen
,
of the first-order allpass mapping filter for performing a real lowpass
to real highpass frequency transformation. This transformation effectively
places one feature of an original filter, located originally at frequency, W
o,
at the required target frequency location, W
t,
at the same time rotating the whole frequency response by half of
the sampling frequency. Result is that the DC and Nyquist features
swap places.
Relative positions of other features of an original filter change
in the target filter. This means that it is possible to select two
features of an original filter, F1
and F2
,
with F1
preceding F2
.
After the transformation feature F2
will
precede F1
in the target
filter. However, the distance between F1
and F2
will
not be the same before and after the transformation.
Choice of the feature subject to the lowpass to highpass transformation is not restricted to the cutoff frequency of an original lowpass filter. In general it is possible to select any feature; e.g., the stopband edge, the DC, the deep minimum in the stopband.
Lowpass to highpass transformation can also be used for transforming other types of filters; e.g., notch filters or resonators can change their position in a simple way by using the lowpass to highpass transformation.
Examples
Design the allpass filter changing the lowpass filter to the
highpass filter with its cutoff frequency moved from Wo =
0.5
to Wt = 0.25
.
Plot the phase response normalized to π, which is in effect
the mapping function Wo
(Wt)
.
Please note that the transformation works in the same way for both
positive and negative frequencies:
Wo = 0.5; Wt = 0.25; [AllpassNum, AllpassDen] = allpasslp2hp(Wo, Wt); [h, f] = freqz(AllpassNum, AllpassDen, 'whole'); plot(f/pi, abs(angle(h))/pi, Wt, Wo, 'ro'); title('Mapping Function Wo(Wt)'); xlabel('New Frequency, Wt'); ylabel('Old Frequency, Wo');
Arguments
Variable | Description |
---|---|
Wo | Frequency value to be transformed from the prototype filter |
Wt | Desired frequency location in the transformed target filter |
AllpassNum | Numerator of the mapping filter |
AllpassDen | Denominator of the mapping filter |
Frequencies must be normalized to be between 0 and 1, with 1 corresponding to half the sample rate.
References
Constantinides, A.G., “Spectral transformations for digital filters,” IEE Proceedings, vol. 117, no. 8, pp. 1585-1590, August 1970.
Nowrouzian, B. and A.G. Constantinides, “Prototype reference transfer function parameters in the discrete-time frequency transformations,” Proceedings 33rd Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Calgary, Canada, vol. 2, pp. 1078-1082, August 1990.
Nowrouzian, B. and L.T. Bruton, “Closed-form solutions for discrete-time elliptic transfer functions,” Proceedings of the 35th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, vol. 2, pp. 784-787, 1992.
Constantinides, A.G., “Frequency transformations for digital filters,” Electronics Letters, vol. 3, no. 11, pp. 487-489, November 1967.
Version History
Introduced in R2011a